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Stewart (name)
Stewart is a Scottish surname (also used as a masculine given name) possibly of pre-7th century Old English origin, derived from ''stigeweard'', the genitive prefix ''stige'' meaning "hall", and the suffix ''weard'' meaning "guardian" or "warden". An alternative spelling is Stuart. The progenitor of the Stewart family was Alan fitz Flaad, a Breton knight who settled in England after the Norman Conquest. His son, Walter fitz Alan, relocated to Scotland during the Anarchy, became the High Steward of Scotland, hence the origin of the surname. Stewart is the 66th-most common surname in the United Kingdom.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Stewart ) Retrieved 15 October 2014〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Stewart Surname Meaning and Geographic Distribution ) Retrieved 19 January 2014〕
==House of Stewart==
(詳細はWalter Stewart, married Marjorie Bruce, daughter of King Robert I, and founded the royal House of Stuart (a French spelling), beginning with their son King Robert II. The House of Stewart was the longest serving royal dynasty of Scotland. In 1603, the Stewart King James VI of Scotland became King James I of England and Wales by his succession to Queen Elizabeth I. The Stewart dynasty ruled Scotland, England and Wales (with an interruption during Cromwell's Commonwealth after the English Civil War) until 1714, when Queen Anne died and the British Crown passed to the German Electors of Hanover.
The grandson of James II, Prince Charles Edward Stuart, led the last attempt to restore the Stewart dynasty to the British Crown in 1745-6 and became known to history as "Bonnie Prince Charlie". This attempted coup d'état ended in the slaughter of Charles' army at the Battle of Culloden in April, 1746.
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